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25th PGC学术预告 | 大会报告人田丰
报告题目
A domestication-selected enhancer coordinates source–sink balance to improve harvest index and yield in maize
个人介绍
田丰
中国农业大学教授
主要研究方向
1. 玉米功能基因组学
2. 玉米野生种优异等位基因的发掘与利用
报告摘要
Crop yield is fundamentally determined by the harvest index, the proportion of photosynthates allocated to grain. However, its genetic and evolutionary
basis remains elusive. Here, we show that maize harvest index increased by 81% during domestication. A major locus, Harvest Index1 (HI1), contributes to
this divergence and is controlled by a 9.1-kb presence/absence variation. This insertion acts as a distant enhancer to boost expression of the downstream
B-type response regulator BRR1 and was fixed by strong selection. Mechanistically, the transcription factor CONZ1 binds to both the HI1 enhancer and
the BRR1 promoter, recruiting the acetyltransferase GCN5 to form a chromatin loop that enhances BRR1 expression. BRR1 directly activates genes involved
in carbon and nitrogen metabolism and transport, promoting source-to-sink allocation to increase harvest index and grain yield, even under nitrogen-
limiting conditions. Our findings elucidate a key domestication-selected regulatory module that coordinates resource allocation, providing a strategic
target for sustainable crop improvement.
最新研究进展
Cell：发现控制玉米源-库碳氮分配的分子阀门
7月21日，《细胞》(Cell)杂志在线发表了中国农业大学农学院田丰教授课题组研究论文《一个驯化选择的增强子通过协调源-库平衡提高玉米收获指数和产量》(“A domestication-selected enhancer coordinates source–sink balance to improve harvest index and yield in maize”)。该研究克隆了首个作物收获指数QTL，揭示了玉米收获指数的演化规律，发现了控制源-库碳氮分配的关键分子模块—HI1-BRR1.该模块在碳氮资源分配中发挥“分子阀门”的调节作用，促进碳氮同化物从源器官向籽粒转运，协同提升了玉米收获指数、生物量和产量。这一发现为培育高产、绿色、高效新品种提供了重要的基因资源和理论基础。
第二十五届全国植物基因组学大会将于2026年8月19日–22日在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市召开，大会同期将举办Plant Innovation 首届编辑委员会会议及植物遗传与基因组学专业委员会工作会议，诚邀国内同行参加!大会信息详见官网https://plantgenomics.tri-think.cn
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